ویکی‌انبار:رده‌ها

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این صفحه ترجمهٔ یکی از سیاست‌های رسمی ویکی‌انبار است. ممکن است اطلاعات صفحه ناقص، قدیمی، یا غیرقابل‌اعتماد باشد. توجه کنید که فقط متن انگلیسی سیاست رسمیت دارد.

یک «رده» یک ویژگی نرم‌افزاری از w:MediaWiki می‌باشد، یک صفحه ویژه که برای گروه‌بندی صفحات و رسانه‌های مرتبط طراحی شده است. در عمل، این به این معنی است که شما یک موضوع را با یک دسته خاص مرتبط می‌کنید. نام دسته باید برای حدس زدن موضوع کافی باشد، اما برخی متن‌های اضافی می‌توانند برای تعریف دقیق آن مفید باشند. ساختار Template:PgsCommon:Guide to layout/Category pages pages pages pagescategory راه اصلی برای سازماندهی و پیدا کردن فایل‌ها در ویکی‌انبار است. ضروری است که هر فایل را با مرور در ساختار دسته‌بندی پیدا کنید. برای این منظور، هر فایل باید به طور مستقیم به یک دسته بندی وارد شود. هر دسته باید در خود به دسته‌های عمومی‌تر باشد و ساختار سلسله مراتبی را تشکیل دهد.

راهنمای سریع

۱. چگونه دسته بندی های مناسب را پیدا کنیم

  • با استفاده از موتور جستجو دسته بندی ها را پیدا کنید (به #پیام های دسته بندی مراجعه کنید)
  • یا بررسی کنید که فایل های مشابه چگونه طبقه بندی می شوند (اگرچه برخی ممکن است طبقه بندی نشده باشند)
  • یا از دسته اصلی موضوعی شروع کنید ( دسته:موضوعات)
  • از این دسته ها شروع کنید، دسته اصلی یا فرعی آنها را برای پیدا کردن دسته مناسب بررسی کنید. از انتخاب دسته بندی های عمومی اجتناب کنید.

۲. دسته ها را به فایل اضافه کنید

ساختار رده در ویکی‌مدیا کامانز

اصول

Shortcut

اصول اصلی این است که:

اصل سلسله مراتب

ساختار دسته بندی (به طور ایده آل) یک نمودار آسیکلک هدایت شده با یک دسته ریشه واحد ، Category:CommonsRoot. همه (با استثنای CommonsRoot:Category:CommonesRoot"Commons Root") باید در حداقل یک دسته دیگر قرار گیرند. نباید چرخه ای وجود داشته باشد (به این معنی که یک دسته نباید خود را شامل کند، نه مستقیم و نه غیر مستقیم).

اصل ساده بودن

صفحه (فایل، دسته) باید در دسته/ دستهای خاص ترین که با صفحه (ها) مطابقت دارند (به طور مستقیم به دسته های اصلی آن) قرار گیرد. یک دسته می تواند دارای دسته های والدین بیشتری باشد. یک دسته می تواند دو (یا چند) معیاری متفاوت را ترکیب کند؛ این دسته ها را " دسته های ترکیبی " یا " دسته های متقاطع " می نامند. به عنوان مثال، دسته ریشه دسته:کنيست ها و دسته ریشه [[:: دسته:روسيه]] دارای فرعي دسته مشترک دسته بندی:کنيس ها در روسیه:کنيسه ها در روسیه هستند.

اصل ساده بودن

این اصل پیشنهاد می‌کند که بیش از حد معیارهای مختلف را ترکیب نکنیم.

اصل گزینش

ما نباید مواردی را که با موضوعات مختلف مرتبط هستند در یک دسته طبقه‌بندی کنیم. باید یک دسته در هر موضوع وجود داشته باشد و از دسته‌های چند موضوعی اجتناب شود. نام دسته باید واضح باشد و هم نام نباشد.

اصل جهانی بودن

موارد یکسان باید برای همه کشورها و در تمام سطوح طبقه‌بندی نام یکسان داشته باشند. ساختار طبقه بندی باید تا حد امکان سیستماتیک و یکپارچه باشد، گویش‌ها و اصطلاحات محلی باید در صورت امکان به نفع جهانی بودن سرکوب شوند. شاخه‌های طبقه‌بندی آنالوگ باید ساختار آنالوگ داشته باشند.

انواع روابط منعکس شده

ساختار دسته بندی باید یک سلسله مراتب مفاهیم را منعکس کند، از رایج ترین تا بسیار خاص. ساختار از انواع بیشتری از روابط استفاده و ترکیب می کند، به عنوان مثال Template:Wp-Hyponymy *Hyponymy: یک نوع / نوع / نوع از ... (به طور معمول در تاکسونومی بیولوژیکی) Template:Wp-Meronymy *Meronymy: بخشی از..., عضو... (به طور معمول برای تقسیم جغرافیایی، ساختمان/ اتاق، دستگاه/عده و غیره)

  • ویژگی ها:
    • ویژگی های کوالیتی و عمومی (رنگ، شکل، اندازه، توانایی یا ناتوانی، ملیت، تکنیک، کیفیت، جایزه...)
    • مکان: کجا، در..., از... (جای/حدس مکان ،نقطه و ریشه : مکان/ بنیاد وریشه: مکان/معروفه،محل: مکان/مردم، کشور/زبان، منبع/کار، کارخانه یا کشور/محصول و غیره)
    • زمان: زمانی (زمان/حدس زمان/وضعیت تصویر شده، زمان تولد، آغاز یا ساخت، زمان مرگ، تخریب یا پایان دادن به ساختمان و غیره)
  • روابط عامل و تأثیر: (تخلیق کننده/کار، دستگاه/محصول، شرکت/محصول ، رشته یا حرفه/موضوعات و اصطلاحات آنها، والدین/بچه ها، تابعیت، مالک/ملاک، ابتکار/پیروه، موضوع/موضوعهای دیگر اختصاص داده شده به او یا به نام او، موضوع/تکثیر، تقلید، تصویر یا نماد و غیره)
  • تغییر: اصل/تغییر شده یا تغییر یافته/اصلی (از ساختار چرخه ای اجتناب کنید) - نامگذاری مجدد، بازسازی مجدد، استفاده مجدد یا تغییر شکل داده شده.

رده‌بندی‌های اصلی

دسته‌بندی‌های بالا (آن دسته‌هایی که مستقیماً در CommonsRoot وجود دارد) ساختار رده‌بندی را با هدف رده‌بندی‌های موجود تقسیم می‌کنند:

"Category:Topics " - این دسته ریشه مشترک جهانی فایل های رسانه ای که توسط TOPIC طبقه بندی شده است. تمام فایل های رسانه ای باید تحت این دسته بندی قرار گیرند تا دیگران بتوانند آنها را به عنوان موضوع پیدا کنند. دسته بندی های موضعی نباید از طریق قالب ها قرار گیرند. "کتاب:اصلاح حقوق اشاعت " - این دسته ریشه مشترک جهانی فایل های رسانه ای است که توسط "LICENSE" طبقه بندی شده است. تمام فایل های رسانه ای باید تحت این دسته با برچسب مناسب Template:Cense p g ≠Commons:right tags ≠Click طبقه بندی شوند. این نوع دسته با اضافه کردن آن در قالب ها اضافه می شود. "کتاب:میدیای به لحاظ منبع " - این دسته ریشه مشترک جهانی فایل های رسانه ای است که توسط منبع طبقه بندی شده اند، از کجا آمده اند (کتاب ها، مجموعه ها، سایت ها و غیره). این نوع دسته معمولا با قالب اضافه می شود. "کتاب:مجموعه های رسانه " - این دسته ریشه مشترک جهانی فایل های رسانه ای است که توسط نوع رسانه طبقه بندی شده است. لطفا توجه داشته باشید که این نوع دسته بندی گاهی اوقات برای تصاویر حذف می شود، زیرا اکثریت زیادی از فایل های کامنز تصاویر نوعی هستند.

  • Category:Commons – This category is the global common root of categorizing Commons maintenance tasks and pages (Commons:-, and Help:-) except for media files. The translated pages in each language should be categorized under their language categories, using the "Category:Commons-ISO-LANGUAGE-CODE" style. The structure of Category:Commons-en is the sample hierarchy for every other language sub category. Do not use two colons in category or page names. See this discussion and Help:Namespaces.
There is a sub category Category:Commons maintenance content, which is for the special maintenance of Wikimedia Commons global common contents and which does not get translated.　ALL media files should be categorized under the first 4 categories below, but ONLY files having problems and needing to be fixed should also be in the sub-category Category:Commons maintenance content.
  • Category:User categories – this is for categories that contain Commons users' galleries, images and texts, sorted by things like the language they speak. This also contains the Category:User galleries, which is for user specific (i.e. non-topic) galleries that don't need to be in English language.

نحوه استفاده از رده‌ها

شما همیشه باید آپلودهای خود را به رده‌بندی‌ها و/یا صفحات گالری بر اساس موضوع قرار دهید تا مشارکت‌های شما توسط دیگران پیدا و مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

It is rarely necessary to create a new category (there are exceptions, such as uploading a new text and see People below). Before doing so, make sure you are familiar with the existing category structure, and with the customs and policies of the Commons. Please see if there exists a category scheme or a Commons project for your topic, and follow the conventions described there.

نام‌های رده‌ها

نام های دسته بندی باید به طور کلی به زبان انگلیسی باشد (به نظر می رسد). با این حال، استثنا هایی مانند برخی از نام های خاص، تاکسون های بیولوژیکی و نام هایی وجود دارد که نام غیر انگلیسی به طور معمول در زبان انگلیسی استفاده می شود (یا هیچ شواهدی از استفاده از نسخه انگلیسی زبان وجود ندارد). حرف های پایه انگلیسی (Template:WISO نه / IEC 646) در مقابل انواع ملی یا مجموعه های حرف های گسترش (به عنوان مثال، "راست" apostrophes در مقابل "curly") ترجیح داده می شوند./( ترجمه به فارسی شود )

انواع یا گروه های اشیاء یا افراد باید به طور کلی نام های جمع بندی داشته باشند: کتابی: ابزارها, کتاپوری: هنرمندان, کیتابوری: دریاچه ها, Kategory: نقاشی ها, [[::کتابی::کتابات]] ، کیتاپوری: پاپ ها و غیره و در صورت امکان به زبان انگلیسی.

دسته بندی هایی که زیر دسته بندی ها را با نام گروه بندی می کنند باید به طور کلی با نام "به جای "به صورت الفبا" نامگذاری شوند به عنوان مثال: کتاب:سفین با نام

We still lack internationalization for category names, but this issue should be resolved with appropriate changes to the MediaWiki software (see T31928: Show translated titles per user language in categories too). Creating intermingled category structures in different languages would only make things worse.

For a general discussion of MediaWiki's category feature, see the manual page on categories.

رده‌بندی‌های صفحات

برای اضافه کردن یک صفحه (که یک تصویر، یک صفحه گالری یا یک صفحه رده) به یک رده، کد زیر را در پایان صفحه اضافه کنید.

[[Category:«نام رده»]]

به عنوان مثال، اگر شما یک نمودار نشان دهنده مدار دنباله‌دارها را بارگذاری می‌کنید، می‌توانید این موارد را به صفحه توصیف تصویر اضافه کنید: 

[[Category:Astronomical diagrams]]
[[Category:Comets]]

This will make the diagram show up in the categories Astronomical diagrams and Comets.

For information on how to find good categories for your uploads and galleries, read the section Find an appropriate category below.

ایجاد یک رده جدید

To create a new category:

  1. Do a thorough search, to be sure there isn't an existing category that will serve the purpose.
  2. Find images (or a gallery or other pages) which should be put in the new category. Edit this page, and at the end insert the new category reference. e.g. [[Category:Title]]. Save the edited page. The new category appears as a red link at the bottom of the page.
  3. Click on that red link. The new, empty, category page appears for editing. You can now edit the category like any other wiki page.

A category page should contain the following information (in order of importance):

  • Category-links that put it into one or more parent categories. At the bottom of the new page, insert lines of the form [[Category:Relevant categories]].
  • A short description text that explains what should be in the category, if the title is not clear or unambiguous enough on its own. Descriptions in particular languages can be tagged e.g. with the template {{ab|...}} for description in Abkhazian, {{en|...}} for description in English, etc., as listed in Commons:Language templates); or using the {{Multilingual description}} template to show only the description in the user’s preferred language if there is one.
  • Interwiki or interlanguage links to the article or category with the same topic in Wikipedia by adding the appropriate sitelinks on the corresponding Wikidata page. After creating the category page, click "Add links" under "In Wikipedia" on the bottom of the sidebar to the left to add them.

See also #How to categorize: guidance by topic for guidance on specific classes of category, e.g. categories about #People.

مرتب‌سازی رده‌ها

If a category should be sorted according to a different string than the category title, there are two ways:

Defining a sortkey (sort string) for all parent categories: 

{{DEFAULTSORT:sortkey}}
[[Category:Parent category A]]
[[Category:Parent category B]]
This will sort the category into all parent categories under the specified sortkey. For instance, the title of a category about a person would not be the right sort string. For such categories, insert just before the categories a line with the correct sort string like:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lastname, Firstname}}

Defining a sortkey only for one of the parent categories: 

[[Category:Parent category A|sortkey]]
[[Category:Parent category B]]
This will also overrides any maybe defined DEFAULTSORT for ‘Parent category A’.

The default sort order on Commons is: 

░ ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 9 : ; < = > ? @ A a Z z [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~ É é τ – — 📚
  • Here the symbol ░ should simply indicate a space as sortkey, which is always sorted first.
  • The first ‘dash’ (after the comma) is the Hyphen-minus - (Unicode U+002D, the standard ASCII minus sign on most keyboards). The last two dashes are the En dash – (in HTML &ndash;) followed by the Em dash — (&mdash;).
  • The two most commonly used sort keys on Commons are   (space) and *, after this !, #, +, -, ., :, ? and ~ are also often used.
  • The special sortkey τ (lowercase Greek letter Tau) is used to sort templates at the end of the related Commons-category, see for example Category:Transport templates sorted in Category:Transport. (Sorting in Commons is not case sensitive so only uppercase Τ (Tau) is shown.)
  • The special sortkey 📚 ({{Setcat}}) is used to sort image sets at the end of the related Commons-category, see for example Category:Cube; by image set sorted in Category:Cube.

→See also: Meta:Help:Sorting#Sort modes for more information.

تغییر نام یا انتقال رده‌ها

لطفا ببینید Commons:Rename a category.

برای رده‌بندی مناسب‌تر

Pages (including category pages) are categorized according to their subject, and not to their contents, because the contents are generally not a permanent feature of the category page; in particular, you can momentarily find inappropriate contents in a category page.

Example: Assume that Category:Spheres contains only pictures of crystal balls. You must not add Category:Glass in the category page, according to the current contents, because you can have spheres made with a great variety of materials. Normally, any picture showing a glass object would be already categorized in Category:Glass (or in a category of its substructure). So, if the Category:Spheres is really crowded with crystal balls pictures, it would be a better idea to create a new category page, like Category:Glass spheres or Category:Crystal balls, categorized in Category:Spheres and Category:Glass.

Generally files should only be in the most specific category that exists for certain topic. For example files in Category:Looking up the center of the Eiffel Tower should not also be in Category:Paris (see over-categorization below). If you do not find a category that fits your purpose, you can create it — but carefully read the section about using categories first.

This does not mean that an image only belongs in one category; it just means that images should not be in redundant or non-specific categories. For instance, an image of a Polar Bear being rescued from an iceberg by a helicopter should be in Category:Ursus maritimus, Category:Icebergs and Category:Rescue helicopters. It should not, however, be in Category:Ursidae, Category:Sea ice or Category:Aircraft.

نکات رده‌بندی

The categories (or galleries) you choose for your uploads should answer as many as possible of the following questions:

The above questions cover the main aspects of the image to be categorized. For some images it makes sense to use all, for other images only one or two are reasonable. In addition there are several other aspects of the images that can be used to categorize the image:

This last set is useful and important but should always be done in addition of the main set of criteria.

Categorization in Wikimedia Commons is more detailed and deep than categorization in Wikipedia projects. Compared to them, Commons has more categories for individual subjects – places, people, organizations, events, terms, etc. Almost every article on a Wikipedia can have a corresponding category on Commons. However, even if there exist more images of an ordinary person or incidental event, it is practical to group them into a special category and categorize that category instead of categorizing all similar images individually to an identical set of parent categories.

یک رده مناسب پیدا کنید

To find appropriate categories for your uploads, you should navigate the category structure starting from a generic category. Narrow your search down to subcategories until you find the most specific category that fits the file you uploaded. You can navigate the category structure by following links to subcategories, or expanding the tree of subcategories by clicking on the little ▶ symbols on subcategory names. The Major categories section above provides a starting point, and the How to categorize: guidance by topic covers some topics more.

رده‌بندی بیش از حد

for the inclusion criteria (the equivalent of w:WP:OVERCAT) see Commons:Category inclusion criteria

Don't place an item into a category and its parent. For example, a black and white photo of the Eiffel Tower should be placed in Black and white photographs of the Eiffel Tower. It should not be placed in both that category and the Paris category at the same time.
Shortcut

Over-categorization is placing a file, category or other page in several levels of the same branch in the category tree. The general rule is always place an image in the most specific categories, and not in the levels above those. Exceptions to this rule are explained in the section below.

Example: An image needing to be categorized shows a yellow circle. This image should be placed in Category:Yellow circles. If it is also placed in Category:Circles, it is over-categorized. We already know that it's a circle, because all yellow circles are circles. Therefore, Category:Circles is redundant. Template:Uw-overcat can be used to advise users of this.

This applies to most files: As mentioned under the adjacent illustration, files in Category:Black and white photographs of the Eiffel Tower should not also be in Category:Paris, files in Category:Albert Einstein should not be in Category:Physicists from Germany and so on.

Why over-categorization is a problem

It's often assumed that the more categories an image is in, the easier it will be to find it. Another example: By that logic, every image showing a man should be in Category:Men, because even if you know nothing more about the person you're looking for than that he is a man, you'll be able to find it. The result is that the top category fills up, making it necessary to go through hundreds, or in this case more likely thousands of images to find the one you want. You probably won't find what you're looking for, and what's more, those who are looking for a generic picture of a man to illustrate an article like en:Man will find that they've drowned out among the movie stars, scientists and politicians.

On lower levels, the problem becomes less acute, since the number of images will be smaller — they can still easily reach into the hundreds, though. But there is still a problem: Let's go back to Einstein. I know that he's a physicist, so I'll look in the Category:Physicists category. I find an image of Einstein among the hundreds of images of other physicists, which I'm not too happy with, but it's the only one there. Since there was an image there, I assume that there are no more hidden elsewhere, rather than look further in Category:Physicists from Germany and thus find Category:Albert Einstein where there might be a better one. So over-categorization has led to two problems: The top category is cluttered, and users will stop looking for the most relevant category since they've reached one that has a relevant image.

Improper categorization of categories is a cause of over-categorization

Strange as it may sound, under-categorization can be a cause of over-categorization. When a category itself is not properly categorized, it can lead users to over-categorize files belonging in that category. An example of this: Category:Eivør Pálsdóttir was categorized only in Category:People by name. A user categorizing an image of her might then be tempted to also place the image in Category:Female vocalists from the Faroe Islands. The correct solution is to place the image only in Category:Eivør Pálsdóttir and to make that category a subcategory of Category:Female vocalists from the Faroe Islands. At that point, however, any images that were already placed into both categories become overcategorized and need to be manually removed from the parent category.

A related problem is erroneous categorization. Notting Hill is a district within the borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London. When it was created, Category:Notting Hill was placed directly in Category:London instead of in the Category:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea subcategory, where it should have been placed. A user categorizing an image of Notting Hill might then be tempted to place it both in Category:Notting Hill and in Category:Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Instead, each image should be placed only in the most specific categories, and those categories should in turn be placed in their most specific categories.

When you encounter improperly categorized categories, please place them in the appropriate parent categories if you are able to do so. That will not only help avoid over-categorization, but it will also make it easier to move through the category tree.

Exception for images with more categorized subjects

A file that depicts only one relevant subject should not be over-categorized. Where a file depicts additional relevant subjects, and the additional subjects do not have their own subcategories, consideration can be given to temporarily categorizing the image in both the subcategory and the parent category.

For example, this situation might arise in the case of a photograph of three politicians, one of whom is Angela Merkel (who has her own Commons category), with two other politicians who do not yet have their own categories. While the image would undoubtedly be categorized in Category:Angela Merkel or one of its subcategories, it would typically be considered to be over-categorization to also include it in Category:Politicians of Germany. Users would, however, be unlikely to search for the two other politicians in the Merkel category. Ideally, we would create specific subcategories for the two other politicians (where warranted), or find other relevant subcategories (e.g. Category:Politicians of Bavaria or Category:Members of the FDP, etc.), that would enable us to avoid over-categorization. In some circumstances, however, we may need to temporarily categorize the image in Category:Politicians of Germany where other appropriate subcategories do not yet exist.

Countries may be categorized as part of multiple overlapping categories. For example, Category:India is in Category:Countries of South Asia as well as Category:Countries of Asia.

Also user categories are exempted of over-categorization as those are not visible to most viewers, and project users include them for many different purposes like sorting, stats, filling values for userboxes, etc.

How to categorize: guidance by topic

For some categories, there is special guidance on how best to sort content within that category. This guidance can be found in a category scheme or a Commons project for your topic. There is also some categorizing information in this section and sometimes there is guidance at the top of the category's page, in the Category namespace. So, for instance, some guidance on categorizing content depicting people is at the top of Category:People, and some is in the section People below.

Structures

Content depicting Structures, e.g. Buildings and Tunnels, can be classified like this:

Structure Category. First check if there is already a Category for this specific structure.

  • If yes: put it in there.
  • If no: If you have more than two pictures: create a new Category, named after the structure. For example Category:Rheinbrücke Emmerich. Use the common name, not necessarily the English one.

Then you categorize the category (NOT each single picture!) under the following possibilities:

Afterwards, categorize the image by the way the structure is depicted, such as:

Also consider the part and the context visible:

People

Content depicting people should be put in categories which describe them, such as Category:Economists from the United States. Start exploring at Category:People.

Please see Commons:Suggested category scheme for people for details on how to name and organize these categories.

Landscapes, outdoor views

Content depicting a given subject from a common vantage point are grouped in Views of Subject from Viewpoint categories such as Views of Cathedral of Seville from the Giralda. Such categories should be subcategories of both the subject's category (Cathedral of Seville in this example) and the viewpoint's category (Giralda in this example).

In this example, the Views of Cathedral of Seville from the Giralda category is not placed directly in the subject and viewpoint categories, but in Views of the Cathedral of Seville and Views from Giralda. Such intermediate categories are often necessary to create structure and avoid over-categorization, particularly for views of a city from a vantage point located within the city. For example, Views of Rome from the Pincio needs the intermediate category Views of Rome to avoid placing it directly in Rome, which would constitute over-categorization.

Texts

Texts, such as scans of books, should normally have a category for each version of the scan and each edition of the text. Thus a book published in three separate editions would have a parent category for the book, three subcategories for each text, and further subcategories for the text as a jpeg, a DjVu, etc., assuming each version had actually been uploaded. (Categories would not be created for editions not held on Commons.) This is particularly important for files in formats other than DjVu and PDF, where the category is the only practical means of keeping the scans together; see eg. Category:The Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland, Holinshed, 1587 which contains 2857 jpeg images of page scans.

GLAMs

For categorization issues related to mass content donations from GLAMs (Galleries, Libraries, Archives & Museums), please see Commons:Guide to batch uploading#Categories.

Categorization workflow

Currently, a bot checks if newly uploaded files are categorized in topical categories and attempts to categorize files that are not. Before 17 June 2015, CategorizationBot was responsible for this job. As of June 2019, SteinsplitterBot occasionally checks for uncategorized files. The workflow is the following:

  1. User uploads a new file and adds categories (or not).
  2. A bot checks if the file is categorized.
  3. Users categorize files further (e.g. category diffusion below)

See also: User:CategorizationBot#Process, categorization statistics

Other, if manual, categorization workflows are possible :

  • Category filling: Use appropriate keywords in the search engine to find the files that should be in a given category, and put them there.
  • Category diffusing: Go to Category:Categories requiring diffusion, select a crowded category, create appropriate subcategories if needed, and move the files to the subcategories. Gadgets like Cat-a-lot and HotCat can help.

Categories marked with "HIDDENCAT"

میانبر

Many non-topical categories are marked with __HIDDENCAT__ or {{Hiddencat}} on the category page. For example, see Category:PD NASA in edit mode.

While categories are generally visible on every page, categories marked __HIDDENCAT__ are only visible:

  • on the edit screen: at the end of the screen, below the edit box
  • on category pages:
    • on subcategories to the hidden category: in the normal location, but on a separate line with a smaller typeface and the label "Hidden category."
    • on parent categories: in the same way as other categories
  • on file description pages and gallery pages: for logged-in users who have selected to "Show hidden categories" in their appearance preferences. This is activated for all newly registered users.

This feature is generally used for template-based categories, such as license tag based categories. For example, placing {{PD-old-100}} on a file description page adds the file to Category:Author died more than 100 years ago public domain images, which is marked with __HIDDENCAT__.

For more details, see the help section on hidden categories for Mediawiki (the software that Commons uses).

Templates for categories

Some templates are designed for use on category pages - see Category:Category namespace templates. If the category is linked to a Wikidata entry, then you can use:

which displays a summary of the topic's information that is available on Wikidata, and also auto-adds birth/death/name/monument ID categories.

Some of the more commonly used ones are Category:Category header templates such as:

Tools

Further information: Commons:Tools
  • Gadgets enabled through the user preferences
    • Cat-a-lot: A tool that helps with moving multiple files between categories or adding categories to search results. [documentation / talk] 
    • HotCat: d Easily add / remove / change a category on a page, with name suggestions. [documentation / example / talk] 
    • Gallery Details: Adds a link in the toolbox to display galleries and categories (and Newimages and Search result pages) with extensive details from file description pages and links to easily mark an image without source, etc. If Pretty log is activated, it also works on Log pages. [documentation / talk] 
    • Place categories above content, but below image on file description pages.  Modifies the placement of categories on the user interface.
    • Add a link to category pages to search for the category name with the option "-incategory". This excludes files already in the category (doesn't work if the category was added by a template). [talk] 

See also

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